Web services are Web-based enterprise applications that use open, XML-based standards and transport protocols to exchange data with calling clients. Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE) provides the APIs and tools you need to create and deploy interoperable Web services and clients. This full interoperability is possible because application data is translated "behind-the-scenes" to a standardized XML-based data stream.
Web services brief introduction is given below.
XML
The latest browser feature XML allows you to create your own tags to characterize data , to construct document and data structures using these tags, set up schemas to specify which tags can be used in a particular kind of XML document, and use XML style sheets to manage the display and handling of the data.
Web services and clients can be easily written with the help of J2EE XML APIs by passing parameter data to the method calls and process the data returned, or for document-oriented web services, send documents containing the service data back and forth. No low-level programming is needed. The following list describes the Web services/XML APIs.
The Java API for XML Processing (JAXP) supports the processing of XML documents using Document Object Model (DOM), Simple API for XML Parsing (SAX), and XML Style sheet Language Transformation (XSLT). The JAXP API enables applications to parse and transform XML documents independently of a particular XML processing implementation.
The Java API for XML Registries (JAXR) lets you access business and general-purpose registries over the Web. JAXR supports the ebXML Registry/Repository standards and the UDDI specifications.
The Java API for XML-based RPC (JAX-RPC) uses the SOAP standard and HTTP so client programs can make XML-based remote procedure calls (RPCs) over the Internet. JAX-RPC also supports WSDL so you can import and export WSDL documents. With JAX-RPC and a WSDL, you can easily interoperate with clients and services running on Java-based or non-Java-based platforms such as
.NET.
The SOAP with Attachments API for Java (SAAJ) enables you to produce and consume messages conforming to the SOAP 1.1 specification and SOAP with Attachments note.
Java platform tools
Web Services/XML works with an array of tools(eg IBM Web Sphere) including Integrated Development Environments (IDEs), performance and testing tools, and performance monitoring tools
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